Labor And Delivery Should Be Enforced - 908 Words

Labor and Delivery Pain is perceived differently in small, cohesive, traditional societies. â€Å"For example, in West African countries, such as Benin, during labor and midwifery delivery, the expectant and soon to be new mother expresses her pain by a barely audible â€Å"whee†. Labor and delivery is strictly a woman thing. Men are neither present at nor have a responsibility at the event† (Sargent, 1982). The use of grandmothers and mothers is common place. There is a varied emotional response, depending on the woman. Some may cry out loud while others may not use much expression at all. Some may not show up at the hospital until late in the stages of labor due to delayed seeking of medical care from lack of trust in the system and high levels of trust in their elders. Trust needs to be established early on in the nurse/patient relationship. Encouragement and non-judgment for their birthing preferences need to be enforced. Teach the patient what to expect for labor and delivery, and es tablish any specific preferences so they can be followed. Newborn care / feeding Variance is found with what the mother feeds the infant. Both breast milk and formula are used, and depends solely on each woman of which to use and for what time period. Typically, the grandmother of the infant helps assist the new mother with care of the infant. The grandmother’s opinion and teachings are highly regarded by the younger parent. In one study done in Minnesota while interviewing a group of 150-200 AfricanShow MoreRelatedBreastfeeding And Long Term Benefits Of Breastfeeding Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagesof breastfeeding have been demonstrated. Mothers are encouraged to begin breastfeeding immediately after delivery, however mothers choosing to breastfeed find numerous challenges once returning to work. There are not appropriate accommodations to support nursing mothers in the workplace. Although there are law in place to support accommodations in the workplace these laws are not enforced and therefore it is virtually impossible for mothers to continue to b reastfeed as a result of the significantRead MoreThe Labor Relations Act Of The Senate1630 Words   |  7 Pagesin In the fall of 1934 Senator Wagner introduced the National Labor Relations Act in the senate. On July 5, 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the National Labor Relations Act. This act was put into place to help unions survive, under the section 7, it gave employees the right to form and join unions and it obligated employers to bargain collectively with unions in a selective manner. Although, the future of organized labor in the economy today looks grim, the unions will have to do whateverRead MoreBreastfeeding And Long Term Benefits Of Breastfeeding Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesof breastfeeding have been demonstrated. Mothers are encouraged to begin breastfeeding immediately after delivery, however mothers choosing to breastfeed find numerous challenges once returning to work. There are not appropriate accommodations to support nursing mothers in the workplace. Although there are laws in place to support accommodations in the workplace these laws are not enforced an d therefore it is virtually impossible for mothers to continue to breastfeed as a result of the significantRead MoreEmployee Training Plan For Employees1716 Words   |  7 Pagesrequesting the training. ï‚ § There is a shared delivery system consisting of facilities, learning technologies, distance learning and instructional design. o Training is evaluated to determine its effect on intended outcomes. ï‚ § The plan outlines the training governance structure. ï‚ § It creates a Compensation Specialist to oversee implementation of the plan and develop strategies for addressing organizational training needs, methods and standards for design, delivery and evaluation. ï‚ § It identifies rolesRead MoreEconomics And Competitive Strategies And Government Policies1527 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry as well as current and expected government policies and regulations in place to address issues related to externalities. We will also take a look at the effects of global competition on the decisions made by management with regards to change in labor demand, supply, relations, unions, and rules and regulations in the auto industry. Considering the aforementioned topic on the auto industry’s competitive strategies and Government policies you will say that this report aims to explain how these twoRead More China’s Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status Essay917 Words   |  4 Pagesfollowing economic sanctions on China. Restrictions on export licenses are things that the United States may deny if it was determined that the product could make a direct and significant contribution to the development of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems, ele ctronic and submarine warfare, intelligence gathering, nuclear power projection, and air superiority. This restriction was placed on China on November 23, 1984. Another restriction placed on China dealt with the withholding of generalizedRead MoreThe Current State Consists Of Fragmented Processes1387 Words   |  6 Pagesinefficiency in the construction industry. The future state should be â€Å"project focused† rather than â€Å"process focused†. To achieve this desired future state it is essential that these processes are transformed to a more integrated approach. There should be better collaboration between the different stakeholders in the industry such as architects, builders, owners and regulatory agencies that issues permits. In the current, traditional system of project delivery, the relationship between these involved partiesRead MoreInformative Speech On Human Trafficking1173 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking in modern day America and the rest of the w orld is higher than it’s ever had been before. Today there are twenty-one million people who are in human trafficking under forced labor, forced prostitution, several forms of state-enforced labor all across the world spanning the six habitable continents. This is a global issue that needs to be addressed properly and be known and spoken to for the general public. In Noy Thrupkaew’s Ted talk entitled â€Å"Human trafficking is all around youRead MoreThe Biggest Problem Facing America1445 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween 30 or 50 percent higher than that of U.S. born citizens. Third World Immigration and the U.S. Labor Market Third World immigration into the U.S. has not produced a highly skilled labor force, as the above statistics show. Instead, the U.S. labor pool has become flooded with low level, menial laborers, whose desperation for work of any sort has undercut the wages paid at the lower end of the labor market, which in turn made it more difficult for native born American citizens to escape povertyRead MoreCase study ‘Elite Hotel’1383 Words   |  6 Pagesclients for the hotel and the local hotel cant service these high level clientele. Thus it is worth to open an Elite Hotel in Azerbaijan. The hotel industry heavily utilizes labor for its daily operations. It is people-centric and thus HR practices are crucial to organizational success. Coupled with new regulations on labor, the hotel industry is a useful example to learn from, due to its high dependency on manpower. This answer aims to solve some of the key issues faced by the industry and specifically

Leadership Is Essential For Leadership Essay - 1310 Words

Leadership is defined as â€Å"human communication which modifies the attitudes and behaviors of others in order to meet group goals and needs.† On paper this sounds so definite and fixed, but leadership is one the broadest and slightly complex topics of all. Leaders serves people best when they help them develop their own initiative and good judgment, enable them to grow, and help them become better contributors (Thomas S Bateman, 2010, p. 66). Around the world, in each community, workplace, organization, or even home, there are various types of leaders. The recipe for leadership is so diverse and is compact with different influences that make up the outcome for a leader. Sources of influence, characteristics, and approaches to leadership can really tell you what sort of leader is presented. That significant ability to influences others cannot truly be understood without addressing the interrelated topic of power. To this extent, power is necessary for leadership. It has been said that while an individual may exert power without being a leader, an individual cannot be a leader without having power (Bal, Campbell, Steed, Meddings, 2008). Thus, several studies on leadership have attempted to understand how various leaders use power to affect others. Some of these studies examine the bases and sources of power leader’s use and the types of responses that are may result. It was from these studies that the various foundations of power were identified. There are many differentShow MoreRelatedLeadership Is An Essential Component Of Leadership Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership is not an easy topic to define; therefore, everyone has their own ideas of what a leader should be and do. Some people define leadership as a demanding and cruel position. They believe th at tyranny and fear are the only way to maintain control and obedience from people. These tyrants use fear as a vital tool in their reign. Other people believe that leadership is a position where they need to hear themselves talk rather than hear what others have to say and add to the conversation.Read MoreLeadership Is Not An Essential Component Of Leadership971 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is not an easy topic to define. Everyone has their own ideas of what a leader should be and do. Some people define leadership as a demanding and cruel position, believing that tyranny is the only way for people to obey and follow them. These tyrants use fear as a vital role in their reign. Others believe that it is a position where there is all talking and little listening, preferring to hear themselves talk than hear what others have to say and add to the conversation. 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Consequently management leads its employees through the everyday tasks that will build the foundation necessary in or der to obtain the organizations long term vision. It is my experienceRead MoreLeadership Essential Seminar Summary832 Words   |  3 Pages The seminar â€Å"Leadership Essential† hosted by our speaker Julio Melara started with the explanation of the fundamentals, the three areas that would define our life: Stewardship, Relationships and Leaderships. †¢ Stewardship means faithfulness, how do we oversee duties, and how we conduct our affairs. †¢ Relationships are the most important and include growing, developing and cultivating long-term relationships. Communication was explained in detailed as being the most important part of relationshipsRead MoreLeadership Is Essential For Health Care860 Words   |  4 Pages Leadership is essential to health care. Successful leadership depends on your ability to understand and deliver what you patients and their families, the marketplace and regulators expect (Tillman, 2015). Only focusing on delivering quality is not enough, a leader must also understand the capability of their workforce, business partners and the suppliers of critical goods and services (Tillman, 2015). All these skills and attributes together work towards creating a systems thinker and good leaderRead MoreLeadership Is An Essential Part Of An Organization1287 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is an essential part of an organization. The business dictionary defines it as the act of leading a group of individ uals in an organization by establishing a clear vision, sharing the vision and enabling employees within the organization to buy into the vision (n.d). There are various types of leaders and/ or leadership styles (i.e. transactional; transformational, etc.) (Kanungo, 2001). Many of the leaders may possess more than one approach when leading an organization. Aspects of ethicalRead MoreLeadership Is Essential For Organisational Development1609 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Leadership is vital for organisational development. A complex group of theories and constructs in addition to a spectrum of associated traits, skills and behaviour have been employed to describe leadership. This has generated an on-going debate amongst academics regarding the suitable definition for leadership including the appropriate approaches to participating in and learning about leadership (O’Connell: 2014). According to Katz and Kahn (1978) cited in Gronn (2008), leadership is describedRead MoreCommunication Is Essential For Leadership Communication983 Words   |  4 Pagesto country. When such cultural changes occur, it is most likely that values and believes will also change. If one is not aware of the differences in values, communication with other cultures will become fragile. This is why this topic is essential for leadership communication. As a business professional, one must understand diversity, and become very aware that such ignorance can lead to unwanted fr iction when doing business with other cultures. Furthermore, markets for many industries are startingRead MoreCommunication Is An Essential Skill For Effective Leadership866 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication is an essential skill for effective leadership. It is a skill that many leaders possess but might not know how to effectively use in the workplace. They may not be skilled in dealing with a diverse group of employees in terms of age, and they might not be diverse in their own style of communication. Leaders might even need to possess different skills to be effective global leaders which would require a vast knowledge into different cultures and their communication styles. It can seem

Procurement Strategy And Stakeholder Information of Woolworths

Question: Discuss about the Woolworths Procurement Strategy And Stakeholder Information. Answer: Wool worths were founded in 1927 with a bargain basement retail store in Sydney and presently it is has become Australian largest retailer providing services to approximately twenty million customers. It has been facing many issues with comprises inventory, pricing of the product, customer loyalty programs, slowing market growth, marketing discount,etc (Humayun, 2016). Presently, Wool Worth's have taken decisive action with an objective to stem the bleeding in its core super market division, but still higher risk have been analysed by the company regarding same. However, one of the main issues with which Wool worths has to deal with is slowing of market growth and due to increasing competition as supermarket giant has to struggle for growing sales. The company which acts as a threat to Wool worths is its currently ascendant rival Coles and another international rival such as German retailer Lidl. Even though, it was a challenging year for shareholders as well as customer, but with strategy of gaining good momentum and continuing investing in growth initiatives company was able to increase shareholder value to possible extent. A fully franked dividend of 67 cents was declared, which was higher than previous declared dividend of 65 cents and lifted the dividends per share to 3.3%. In order to maximize the shareholder value of company has revised the manner of participating in Consumer Electronics category and accelerated in consideration of BIG W offer to new consumer and competitive reality. Project refresh has been applied by the company since 1999, which was developed with an objective of cost reduction program is still enhanced on a continuing basis and applied with an objective of cost saving in the product and services provided by the company (Feigin, 2016). It has been stated by the CEO of Woolworths that the company has been focusing on service and cost both in an appropriate manner rather than any one variant. The procurement management system which has been introduced by the company has successfully provided coordination in among the retailers key suppliers. Woolworths has received a mixed response relating to the new program pilot scheme with a dozen of suppliers. It believes that the issues relating to customer development relationship will be improved with this new program. For the same, it has aimed at accomplishing the objective of common interest building a better customer relationship. Woolworths has beaten Australian Competition and Consumer Commission in a case relating to the accusation of conduct over its Mind the gap scheme (Mitchell, 2017). Further, efforts have been made by Mr Banducci to transform the image of company and relationship with key suppliers so that groceries which are in demand can be provided to the customers For resolving the issues relating to building a better relationship with supplier and customers it has provided a new portal in order to develop enhanced solutions to the demographics, habits and mission of customers and suppliers who shop at their stores. Improved transparency has been provided through this new portal to the customers as well as suppliers. Loyalty programs have a major impact on the decision of shopper, and the same is rated as a fourth most important variant for taking a decision relating to shopping and thus the company is making efforts to improve the same. In accordance with views of Michael(2017), presently efficient efforts are made by the company to regain the previous image of the company and to reap the rewards for delivering relevant communications in a place where brand loyalty is still trumped by price and convenience. References Feigin, L. M. (2016). The effects of protests and boycotts on a brand and its reputation: a case study on Woolworths and boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS) (Doctoral dissertation, The IIE). Humayun, S. H. (2016). Merchandising operation of Woolworths Global Sourcing. Janda, M., (2016) Woolworths supermarket struggle not over yet: UBS Available through https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-26/woolworths-supermarket-struggle-not-over-yet-ubs . [Accessed on 9th August 2017] Sue, M., (2016) Woolies woos back suppliers, The Australian Financial review. [Online]. Available through https://www.afr.com/business/retail/woolworths-connects-with-suppliers-to-win-back-customers-20170307-gusemv. [Accessed on 9th August 2017]

Liquid Phase Chemical Reactors Essay Example

Liquid Phase Chemical Reactors Paper It is also used in the laboratories in obtaining design, interpretation of rate of reaction and numerical treatment of kinetics experimental data for different types of reacting systems. The use of a batch reactor for the most part eliminates the effects due to fluid flow on the resulting reaction rates. Consequently, the data reflect the intrinsic kinetics for the reaction being investigated. The objectives of this experiments To find the reaction rate constant in a batch stirred tank reactor for the specification of ethyl acetate with dilute sodium hydroxide. To determine the effect of temperature on reaction rate constant. To find the values of rate constant and Awareness parameters. Equipment used Arm field batch stirred tank reactor A stop clock A conductivity meter Water bath (tank) with a thermostat Funnel A heat controller Two flasks of one liter each and Stock solutions (0. 1 M sodium hydroxide and 0. MM ethyl acetate). The key results obtained include Table showing rate constant, , , in a batch stirred tank reactor. T( Rate constant/ 25 30 To conclude All the objectives where met as the results below shows and from those results there is a clear indication that conductivity is inversely proportional to he temperature also the reaction rate constant is directly proportional to the temperature . From the experiment it shows that in a batch reactor, since there is no inflow or outflow, the reactants concentration reduces with time. For an overall second order reaction (first order in both components) like the one that was done in the lab, the reaction rate is also dependent on the concentration of the reactants unlike a zero order reaction that is independent of the concentrations of the reactants. Conductivity of a solution decreases with time as the solution loses it ions, it will become less conductive. The things that I learnt doing this experiment are What I have learnt from this experiment was that conductivity is used instead of concentration may be since they both directly proportional to each other and affected with the same parameters. We will write a custom essay sample on Liquid Phase Chemical Reactors specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Liquid Phase Chemical Reactors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Liquid Phase Chemical Reactors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Also I have learnt how the rate Of a reaction could be increased or decreased by factors such as temperature. Introduction A batch reactor is used in chemical processes for small scale operation, for testing new processes that have not been fully developed, for the manufacturer of expensive products and for processes that are difficult to convert to continuous operations. The advantage of batch reactor is high conversion which be obtained by leaving the reactant in the reactor for long periods of time but it also has the disadvantages of high labor costs per batch and the difficulty of large scale production. In a batch reactor, all the reactants are loaded at once, the concentration then varies with time, but at any one time it is uniform throughout. Agitation serves to mix separate feeds initially and to enhance heat transfer. Batch reactors are popular in practice because of their flexibility with respect to reaction time and to the kinds and quantities of reactions that can process. The characteristic of batch reactor such as the total mass of each batch is mixed, each batch is a closed system and the reaction (residence) time for all elements of fluid is the same. A chemical reactor is an equipment unit in a chemical process where chemical reactions take place to generate a desirable product at a specified production rate, using a given chemistry. The reactor configuration and its operating conditions are selected to achieve certain objectives such as maximizing the profit of the process, and minimizing the generation of pollutants, while satisfying several design and operating constraints (safety, controllability, availability of raw materials, etc. ). Usually, the performance of the chemical reactor plays a pivotal role in the operation and economics of the entire process since its operation affects most other units in the process (separation units, utilities, etc. ). Chemical reactors usually fulfill three main requirements: 1 . Provide appropriate contacting of the reactants. 2. Provide the necessary reaction time for the formation of the desirable product. 3. Provide the heat-transfer capability required to maintain the specified temperature range. In many instances these three requirements are to complimentary, and achieving one of them comes at the expense of another. A batch experimental reactor is used for slow reactions since species compositions can be readily measured with time. Batch reactors are used widely in industry at all scales. Batch reactors are tanks , commonly provided with agitation and a method of heat transfer ( usually by coils or external jacket) . This type of reactor is primarily employed for relatively slow reactions of several hours duration, since the downtime for filling and emptying large equipment can be significant. Agitation is used to maintain homogeneity and to improve heat transfer. In a batch reactor it consists of a tank, integral heating and cooling system; one or more fluid reagents are introduced into a tank reactor equipped with an impeller which helps to stirs the reagents to ensure proper perfect mixing. Batch chemical reactors are used for a variety of process operations such as solids dissolution, product mixing, chemical reactions, batch distillation, crystallization, liquid/liquid extraction and popularization. Chemical reactors vary widely in size, shape and method of operation; the simple types of reactor are: batch reactor (BRB); based on omelet mixing, plug flow reactor (PR); based on plug flow, continues stirred tank reactors (CAST); based on back-mix flow and laminar flow reactor (ELF); based on laminar flow. Batch reactors are used both in laboratories and industrial process for prod icing chemicals. In the laboratories, it is used in Of kinetics experimental data for different types Of reacting systems. In industries, it is used for small scale production; especially for situations whereby switching from one process or product to another are required; such as in manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It is also used in the production f polyvinyl chloride (involving suspension of popularization) and emotion popularization latex Generally several factors could influence the rate of a chemical reaction. Some of these factors include: Temperature Concentration State of reactants (that is if they are solid, liquid or gas) Order of reaction Theory The overall mass balance for the stirred reactor can be written as: Rate of change within the reactor = Input -?output-Loss by reaction For batch operation, the overall mass balance can be rearranged to: Rate of change within the reactor Loss by reaction I. E. For a material A: Where: CACAO is input concentration of A in the input stream CA = exit concentration of A in the exit stream RA rate of reaction of A. In homogeneous reaction systems, reaction rates depend on the concentration of the reactants. Collision theory indicates a rate increase if the concentration of one or both of the reactants is increased. Conversely, lowering the concentration should have the opposite effect. However, the specific effect of concentration changes in a reaction system has to be determined by experimental methods. Increasing the concentration Of substance A in reaction with substance B old increase the reaction rate, decrease it or have no effect on it depending on the particular reaction. It is important to recognize that the balanced equation for the net reaction does not indicate how the reaction rate is affected by a change in concentration of reactants. The general form of the rate law for a bimolecular reaction is: The reaction to be studied in this experiment for the batch reactor was for the specification Of ethyl acetate with dilute sodium hydroxide. The equation is as shown below: Specification is the name given to the chemical reaction that occurs when a getable oil or animal fat is mixed with a strong alkali. The products of the reaction are two: soap and glycerin. Water is also present, but it does not enter into the chemical reaction. The water is only a vehicle for the alkali, which is otherwise a dry powder. It is commonly refers to the reaction of a metallic alkali such as Lye (A. K. A. Sodium Hydroxide or Noah) with an animal or vegetable fat, or oil to produce soap. In this reaction, two products result: Soap and Glycerin. The equation is as shown below: The structural formula is shown below: Sodium Hydroxide (Noah) is a caustic base or metallic alkali Noah is used in his experiment which means it will result in a hard soap will result. In specification, the metallic alkali, in this case sodium hydroxide (Noah) breaks down the fat with which it is mixed. In soap making, fats used can either be vegetable oils like olive Oil, or animal fats. When the oil Or fat is mixed with the base the process takes place it can be endothermic reaction meaning it absorbs surrounding heat or exothermic reaction releasing heat. In the reaction the rate is expected to depend on the concentration of A and B. The order of the reaction in both components is first; therefore the action has an overall order of two, since the overall order is the sum of the power order of each of the components. Thus, from Equating equation (1) and (2) it gives: However, if the two concentration are made equal from the start, then; Integrating gives the equation 5 below: From equation (5), a graph of against can be plotted which will give a slope that is equal to rates constant Concentration of hydroxide, is the concentration of reactant A in the exit stream at time t is the initial concentration of Noah is the conductivity of the solution at time t is the conductivity Of the solution at the end Of reaction s the initial conductivity at time t = O The relationship between reaction rate and temperature is explained by Awareness equation which is given as: is the reaction rate constant is the universal gas constant (8. 314] mol-K-1) is temperature is the activation energy (k mol-l) is Awareness constant or pre-exponential factor (5-1) for a first order reaction By applying natural logarithm to both sides, equation 7 above can be re- written as shown below: A plot of against would yield a strai ght line graph from which A can be obtained as the intercept of the line at. The activation energy (EAI) can then be obtained from the slope of the graph which is given as. Thus if the slope, S z, then the activation energy can be estimated as: Reactions with low activation energy are relatively temperature-insensitive while those with high activation energies are very temperature sensitive. Therefore, any given reaction is much more temperature-sensitive at a low temperature than at a high temperature. Thus the batch stirred tank reactor allows to measure rates of reaction by observing the change of reactant concentration within the reactor with time. It can also easily change and control the temperature of the system. Experimental equipment 1 Figure 1: Layout of the experimental equipment Description As seen in figure 2, the experimental diagram shows the equipment used in the laboratory practical and the layout. These include: 1. Arm field batch reactor, which was the main equipment that was used for the experiment to take place where the reactants were mixed in; 2. A stop clock for measuring time (in seconds) after start up as the run proceed; 3. A portable conductivity meter, which measures the time dependent conductivity of the solution in the tank. The unit on the meter is Siemens m-l; 4. Water bath with a thermostat, here ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide were place in other to maintain their temperature; 5. Funnel used to pour ethyl acetate and diluted sodium hydroxide into the batch reactor; 6. Heat controller used to control the temperature for the experiment at the different temperature; 7. Flasks used to measure out 1 liter Of each reactant(ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide); 8. Water solution used to put the conductivity probe inside while the reactants were poured into the reactor; 9. A thermometer for measuring the water temperature. Experimental Procedure 1 . The reaction temperature was initially set to 25 co on the thermostatic tat. 2. Two 1 liter flasks were filled to the mark with sodium hydroxide solution and ethyl acetate solution respectively. They were then placed in the bath. 3. The reaction temperature was set on the reactor control panel. 4. The conductivity meter was set up and its probe end was placed in the bath to come reaction temperature. 5. The flasks were allowed to reach reaction temperature. 6. The solution of sodium hydroxide (1 liter) was added to the reactor, as well as the solution of ethyl acetate (1 liter) was added to the reactor and the clock was started when ca. 50% was added. 7. After 30 seconds, the ca. 200 ml ample was withdrawn from the reactor and straight after that, its conductivity was measured, noting time. The sample was then returned to the reactor and the probe to the bath. 8. This was repeated every 30 seconds for 10 minutes. 9. The experiment was allowed to run for another 20 minutes, this time taking readings every 3 minutes. 10. The experiment was then repeated at different temperatures of ICC and ICC Observations It was observed that the conductivity readings obtained at ICC, ICC and ICC decreases with time.

The Role of Advance Practice Nursing Essay Example

The Role of Advance Practice Nursing Paper Throughout history nursing has been defined in many ways. In recent years the field of advance practice nursing has emerged as nurses are taking on more challenging and comprehensive roles within the health care field. One may define an advance practice nurse in many ways. According to the Department of Regulation and Licensing in Wisconsin, and advanced practice nurse is a registered nurse with the following credentials: (1) holds a professional nursing license within the state, (2) is certified by a national certifying authority as a nurse practitioners, registered nurse anesthetist, clinical nurse specialist or other nursing specialist and (3) a registered nurse who holds a graduate degree by an accredited university (DRL, 2004). This definition is fairly standard among most other nursing institutions. In most cases advanced practice nurses may not prescribe medications, though there is now a certification APNs can get that allow them to prescribe medications in certain instances. According to the American Nurses Association and advanced practice nurse or APN is an umbrella term given to a registered nurse (RN) who has met advanced educational and clinical practice requirements (ANA, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Advance Practice Nursing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Advance Practice Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Advance Practice Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer An APN therefore generally has more than 2-4 years of basic nursing education (ANA, 2005). An APN is expected to carry out more autonomous responsibilities than a traditional RN, including diagnosis and treatment of patients in many instances. One may conclude from these two comparisons then that an APN is a highly specialized nurse with advanced skills in diagnosis and treatment of disease among other things. Role of APN APNs come in many forms and their roles change significantly depending on their specialty or key area of practice. The more common specialties or fields a nurse takes on include nurse practitioners (NP), Certified Nurse Midwifes (CNM), Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS) and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNA) (ANA, 2005). The role of an APN varies according to their specialty, however most provide a multitude of services for patients in employment settings, clinical care settings, retirement communities, hospitals and even schools (ANA, 2005). Because most people are familiar with the term nurse practitioner or NP, well examine the role of a NP more closely. Recommended Reading   Nursing Practice A NP usually works within a clinical setting, private office, and hospital or in a nursing home (ANA, 2005). Many are specialized in a specific field like pediatrics or obstetrics. NPs conduct a variety of medical care tasks, which may include diagnosis, comprehensive medical histories, physical examinations, interpretation of labs or X-rays and patient education (ANA, 2005). Nurse Midwives on the other hand provide gynecologic and obstetric care for women including prenatal care and labor and delivery care (ANA, 2005). Certified nurse midwifes represent one of the fastest growing areas of APN practice in recent years (ANA, 2005). The role of the APN also includes psychological support for patients and their family members. Nurses generally engage in much more intimate relationships with patients in many situations than primary care providers or physicians. They often have the opportunity to talk more to patients about their histories, current environment, lifestyle and needs, wants and desires with regard to health care practices (Lumby, 2004). This intimate bond opens many avenues for support and growth within the healthcare profession as nurses begin realizing new ways of meeting patient needs and offering the highest possible level of quality care. Lumby (2004) suggests that the term advance practice nurse or even nurse practitioner is one that is controversial at bet because the term practitioner specifically has usually been reserved for doctors. The author also points out that all nurses are practitioners of nursing regardless of their skills or expertise (Lumby, 40). The author challenges the profession of nursing to focus on key issues, which she defines as developing the capacity to research and articulate the evolution going on within the profession (Lumby, 41). Among the current issues facing advance practice nurses and the nursing profession in general include finding methods to delivery consumer focused quality health services and shift individuals way of thinking from a provider driven system to a consumer driven system that enables consumers to make informed choices regarding their healthcare (Lumby, 41). Issues and Discussion of Advance Practice Nursing Lumby makes a good point. It is not nearly as important to define an advance practice nurse as it is to define what techniques, methods and practices nurses will need to adopt in the future to drive health care in a consumer oriented direction. The health care industry has long faced many crises none the least of which is providing adequate health care to an increasingly diverse population. Advanced practice nurses, with additional training and more specialized care, are interacting even more than RNs with patients on a daily basis. They are playing key roles in the health outcomes of patients in the short and long term in many instances. Many APN are also making decisions that ultimately will affect a patients long-term health and well-being. It is important as Lumby points out that APNs focus their attention on enabling or empowering consumers to make independent choices regarding their health care. Consumers want to feel they are taking an active role in the decision making process when it comes to their health and well being. APNs can help facilitate this process by informing patients and apprising them of their choices in a health care setting. Much like a physician most APN conduct autonomous decisions when diagnosing and treating complex symptoms in patients. APNs must not only be clinically skilled at diagnosing and assessing but also integrate important skills such as education, communication and leadership and brings these factors into the patient nurse relationship. The role of the APN will likely continue to change with time as the health care standards within the nation and across the globe continue to change. New roles and specialties within the field of advance practice nursing will also emerge as healthcare evolves and changes in the upcoming years. Hopefully these changes will ultimately result in better health care services and better defined roles for both caregivers and patients in a healthcare setting. In addition APNs will likely continue to face ongoing challenges in the healthcare arena, including challenges presented by working under a managed care system that doesnt afford equal access to health care to all people in the states. APNs should continue to collaborate closely not only with colleagues and physicians but also with members of the community and patients to broaden their experience and develop new methods for meeting consumers needs in as Lumby calls it, an increasingly consumer driven practice. Bibliography : ANA. Advanced practice nursing: A new age in health care. 1997 American Nurses Association. 23 Sept 2005: http://www. nursingworld. org/readroom/fsadvprc. htm DRL. (2004 Jan). DRL Advanced Practice Nurse Prescriber. January 8, 2004. Wisconsin Department of Regulation and Licensing. 24, Sept 2005: http://drl. wi. gov/prof/nura/def. htm Lumby, J. (2000). Clinical challenges: Focus on nursing. St. Lenoards, Allen ; Unwin.

Free Essays on Ottoman Empire Overview

The Ottoman Empire: Focus on Society By the 16th century, the vast and mighty empire of the Ottomans had reached the zenith of its power. The lands under Ottoman rule stretched from the heart of Central Europe to the deserts of Arabia. In nearly every respect, the Ottoman Empire was strong and well-organized. As such, it comes as no surprise that the people under Ottoman rule were organized in a neat power structure as well. From the royal Sultan to the villagers in the rayyah class, the people of the Empire each had a unique position in Ottoman society. At the very top of the pyramidal societal structure was the Sultan, absolute commander of all, and executor of decisions concerning politics and state wealth (for the purposes of serving the state's interests). A step below the Sultan were a small group of wealthy, esteemed leaders, who were ascribed special status because they were essentially the Sultan's "slaves". The main duties of this select little group were to protect and enlarge the financial assets of the state for the benefit of the Sultan and the Empire. These leaders also ruled and defended the far-flung Ottoman Empire. While the Sultan invested wealth and the leaders protected it, the majority of commoners, the rayyahs, had the task of actually producing the wealth. The rayyahs had to pay part of their profits from industry, commerce, and farming to the state in the form of taxes. Townsfolk, villagers, and pastoral peoples made up the eclectic mix of the rayyah class. The word "rayyah" literally translates into "the protected flock of the Sultan". While Ottoman society was clearly divided into distinct social classes, these classes were neither closed nor confining, meaning that with the proper attributes and luck, a man could raise his social status. For example, to be a member of the small ruling class below the Sultan, one had to possess the following three qualities: - deep-roo... Free Essays on Ottoman Empire Overview Free Essays on Ottoman Empire Overview The Ottoman Empire: Focus on Society By the 16th century, the vast and mighty empire of the Ottomans had reached the zenith of its power. The lands under Ottoman rule stretched from the heart of Central Europe to the deserts of Arabia. In nearly every respect, the Ottoman Empire was strong and well-organized. As such, it comes as no surprise that the people under Ottoman rule were organized in a neat power structure as well. From the royal Sultan to the villagers in the rayyah class, the people of the Empire each had a unique position in Ottoman society. At the very top of the pyramidal societal structure was the Sultan, absolute commander of all, and executor of decisions concerning politics and state wealth (for the purposes of serving the state's interests). A step below the Sultan were a small group of wealthy, esteemed leaders, who were ascribed special status because they were essentially the Sultan's "slaves". The main duties of this select little group were to protect and enlarge the financial assets of the state for the benefit of the Sultan and the Empire. These leaders also ruled and defended the far-flung Ottoman Empire. While the Sultan invested wealth and the leaders protected it, the majority of commoners, the rayyahs, had the task of actually producing the wealth. The rayyahs had to pay part of their profits from industry, commerce, and farming to the state in the form of taxes. Townsfolk, villagers, and pastoral peoples made up the eclectic mix of the rayyah class. The word "rayyah" literally translates into "the protected flock of the Sultan". While Ottoman society was clearly divided into distinct social classes, these classes were neither closed nor confining, meaning that with the proper attributes and luck, a man could raise his social status. For example, to be a member of the small ruling class below the Sultan, one had to possess the following three qualities: - deep-roo...

Global Enterprise and Innovation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Enterprise and Innovation - Assignment Example op employer in France and Europe and hence selecting Saint Gobain-India was an easy decision based on the excellent company record and long term vision of the company (Saint Gobain, 2014) With innovation at its core, Saint Gobain has made products such as its automotive glass, construction materials and performance plastics. The automotive glass range comprises of cutting edge products in automotive glazing, laminated wind shields and tempered glasses. It also has special features such as acoustic control and enhanced security. The performance plastics range is the world’s leading range of high performance polymer products which are used for construction and various other purposes (Saint Gobain, 2014). These products have been made keeping the current Indian market in mind. The construction industry in India has been growing at an average 9-11% year on year (EC Haris Research, 2011). This is due to a marked increase in manufacturing activities and industrial growth. Growth rates for the construction industry are expected to bypass the overall GDP growth over the next two years. The booming construction industry is the perfect market for the Saint Gobain construction materials (EC Haris Research, 2011). Same is the case with the automotive industry. In March 2012, production of auto motives grew at the rate of 6.83% (ACMA, 2013). The domestic sales of auto motive domestic sales great at 10.11% as compared to 2011 (SIAM, 2013). The automobile market is booming and Saint Gobain India made the right choice by specializing in these products so it can cater to the growing demand of these markets. As a company Saint Gobain has adapted to the Indian market and introduced products which are suitable for the growing industries and can cater to their need. The products are also high quality with innovative features (SIAM, 2013). The poster highlights the core feature of Saint Gobain which is Innovation. The innovation strategy of Saint Gobain has been shown and how